Steps for downloading chemistry ebook

Here the steps that you must do to download all the chemistry ebook (.pdf) from  izulthea's laptop.

1. You must have a gmail account, if you don’t have, u have to create it first

2. Download and install this software (click here)

3. Run the software, log in with your gmail ID and password

4. Invite izulthea@gmail.com through this software (look at the picture below)

5. Wait for his approval

6. after you got his approval, you could explore his hardisk for free, and download ebook that you wanted (only in working our (Indonesia time)

 

Some friends said that izulthea still didn't confirm the invitation in gbridge. If it so, you can download some book from my collection in my pc. just invite me in your gbridge : addinulihsan@gmail.com
for more detail and time for downloading, email me or meet me in my FB.
Here some ebook that i have:

 

thanks  so much to my bro izulthea for sharing book..

source:

http://kungfuchem.blogspot.com/2011/04/how-to-download-chemistry-text-books.html

http://nyentil.com/cara-download-ebook-kimia-lengkap/

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Pharmacy: TRAMADOL

Introduction

Tramadol is a centrally acting, synthetic analgesic of the aminocyclohexanol group, which has opioid-like effects. It has been in clinical use in Europe since the late 1970. Its mode of action is not completely understood but it appears to have a dual mechanism of action, which involves inhibition of re-uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and/or noradrenaline as well as weak affinity for opioid (mu) receptors. Since tramadol does not affect prostaglandin synthesis, it does not have antipyreticor anti-inflammatory effects.  

# Intra-operative and Post-operative Analgesia 

- Comparison with placebo
A pooled analysis of 9 single-dose, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled studies 18 included a total of 1594 patients with post-operative pain following caesarean section or general surgical procedures. Analysis showed that analgesic efficacy of tramadol at doses equal to or greater than 50mg was superior to that of placebo (statistical value not reported). Likewise, pooled analysis of 9  double-blind, randomized studies involving 1859 patients with dental extraction pain evaluated single oral doses of tramadol ranging from 50mg to 200mg. Analysis demonstrated a significantly greater efficacy for tramadol than for placebo at all doses evaluated. (The majority of these studies have not been published.)  A subsequent meta-analysis of these 18 studies confirmed the effectiveness of tramadol in comparison with placebo and demonstrated a significant dose response. Multi-dose studies have also demonstrated a superior effect of oral tramadol over placebo in both pain after dental extraction and pain after orthopaedic surgery.

- Comparison with morphine

- Comparison with pethidine

-  Comparison with NSAIDs

- Comparison with oral analgesics: single-dose studies

# Paediatric Surgery

# Other Acute Pain Syndromes

# Chronic Pain

# Indications other than analgesia  

#  ADVERSE EFFECTS

# Drug Interactions [More...]: 

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Download Tramadolbenefit.pdf

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Thiocyanate determination by ion pair chromatography

Vytautas Tamošiūnas,
Audrius Padarauskas* and
Birutė Pranaitytė
Department of Analytical and
Environmental Chemistry,
Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24,
LT-03225 Vilnius,
Lithuania

A simple and rapid ion pair chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of thiocyanate. Separation was carried out on a 25 cm × 4.6 mm Ascentis C18 column (5 µm particle size) with a mobile phase containing 2 mmol/l tetrabutylammonium (TBA)-phosphate (pH 6.5) in 40 (v/v) % acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Detection was performed by direct UV absorption at 210 nm. This study investigated the effect of various experimental factors, such as acetonitrile content, pH, and ion-pairing cation concentration in the mobile phase on the retention behaviour of anions. Under optimized conditions, four anions (Br-, NO3-, I- and SCN-) were effectively separated within 8 minutes. The calibration curve was linear in the thiocyanate concentration range from 5×10-6 to 5×10-4 mol/l with an excellent correlation coefficient of more than 0.999. The limit of detection was 1.5×10-6 mol/l (signal / noise = 3). The method was applied for determination of thiocyanate ions in human saliva. Saliva sample preparation involved only centrifugation and appropriate dilution.

Key words: ion pair chromatography, thiocyanate, human saliva 

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KONTAKTOR MEMBRAN HOLLOW FIBER UNTUK PENYERAPAN GAS CO2

KONTAKTOR MEMBRAN HOLLOW FIBER UNTUK
PENYERAPAN GAS CO2 


N. Aryanti,   dan S. Murdiyani  A.Puspaintan
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik UNDIP
Jl. Prof . Soedarto, SH, Kampus Tembalang Semarang, 50239
Telp. (024) 7460058 Email :  aryanti@lycos.com

Abstrak

Penghilangan gas CO dengan cara absorbsi merupakan salah satu teknik yang  banyak dijumpai dalam industri seperti industri  pupuk,  petrokimia,  gas sintesa,  amonia,  LNG dan reduksi besi  dari bijih  besi. Teknologi penghilangan co ini biasanya menggunakan  pelarut kimia cair seperti TEA (Triethanolamine), MEA (Monoethanolamine), DEA (Diethanolamine), Natrium  karbonat, air maupun  larutan alkali.  Namun penerapan  scrubber konvensional (bubble column, sieve tray,  atau  packed  bed,  dll) tersebut dibatasi oleh  masalah-masalah teknis seperti loading, flooding, dan entrainment limitations. Penggunaan teknologi membran  dapat menjadi alternatif yang lebih menguntungkan untuk absorbsi gas CO  menggantikan scrubber konvensional (bubble column, sieve tray, atau packed bed, dll) dengan menggunakan kontaktor membran hollow fiber. 

Dalam  penelitian ini dilakukan serangkian percobaan  untuk penyerapan CO2 menggunakan kontaktor membran hollow fiber. Makalah ini membahas tentang pengaruh variasi sorben, konsentrasi sorben,  dan laju alir sorben terhadap fluks CO2 dan % CO2 yang terabsorbsi. Penelitian dilakukan pada skala laboratorium menggunakan gas CO2 dan N2  dengan sorben sorben air, NaOH,  MonoEtanolAmin (MEA), dan DiEtanolAmin (DEA) dalam   membran hidrofobik hollow fiber jenis polipropilen. Membran yang digunakan mempunyai spesifikasi ukuran pori 0,2 µm, porositas membran 84,8 %, jumlah fiber 100, dan panjang modul 47 cm. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa sorben MEA merupakan sorben yang mempunyai kemampuan penyerapan terbaik ditinjau  dari fluks CO2 dan % CO2 terabsorbsi yang dihasilkan. Sedangkan dengan  konsentrasi  sorben  yang semakin besar,  akan menghasilkan fluks CO2  dan % CO2   yang terabsorpsi semakin besar.  Untuk  pengaruh laju  alir sorben, dengan  meningkatnya laju alir sorben,  diperoleh fluks CO2  dan %  CO2  terabsorbsi yang semakin besar.

Kata kunci : kontaktor membran, hollow fiber, gas CO2 

 

Download this pdf file here

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